Know About Prostate Surgery

Roseous.com - Know About Prostate Surgery. Prostate surgery or prostatectomy is a surgical procedure to remove part or all of the prostate gland, which is a gland owned by men. Sometimes it is also done removal of other tissues around the prostate gland. This gland is located under the male bladder, and serves to produce semen.

There are two main techniques in prostate surgery through the stomach, namely:

• Radical prostatectomy is a procedure for removing all prostate gland tissue along with the tissue around the gland. Radical prostatectomy is generally done to treat prostate cancer. This procedure can be done openly through a wide incision in the skin, or assisted with a laparoscope (laparoscopic prostatectomy) through a smaller incision in the skin.
• Simple prostatectomy is a procedure for removing a part of the prostate gland without removing the entire prostate tissue and surrounding tissue. Simple prostatectomy is generally done to overcome the enlargement of the prostate gland.

Apart from the stomach, prostate surgery can also be done through the opening and urinary tract by cutting a small portion of the prostate gland that blocks the urinary tract. This method is known as the transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP). Both are done by cutting off the part of the prostate gland that blocks the urinary tract, then the piece will come out together with urine when the patient urinates.

Indications of prostate surgery

Prostate surgery is done as a treatment for prostate cancer, other than through chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormone therapy. In addition, this procedure can also be done to treat symptoms of enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia / BPH). BPH can inhibit urine flow and cause complications in the sufferer.

Symptoms that indicate that a person may need treatment through prostate surgery are:

• Often the desire to urinate (urinate) often appears.
• Feeling difficult at the beginning of urination.
• Long duration of urination, and slow or stagnant urine flow.
• Can not urinate at all.
• Having a urinary tract infection.
• Increasing frequency of wanting to urinate at night (nocturia).
• Feeling urinating is not complete after completion.

Prostate Operation Warning

Prostate surgery generally does not have a specific condition that causes the patient not to undergo this surgery at all. However, specifically for patients with prostate cancer, patients are not advised to undergo simple prostatectomy. Prostate cancer patients are required to undergo a biopsy examination first so that the prostate surgery technique will be determined. In addition, if the patient is taking blood-thinning medications, such as warfarin or clopidogrel, or if he has a blood clotting disorder, it is recommended to tell the doctor to prevent heavy bleeding during surgery.

Prostate Surgery Preparation

Before undergoing prostate surgery, the patient will undergo a cystoscopy procedure first. Cystoscopy is performed to check the condition of the prostate gland and urethra visually. Patients can also undergo other tests, such as blood tests, urine flow tests, and prostate size checks. To prevent surgical wound infection, the patient will be given antibiotics by the doctor a few days before undergoing surgery.

In addition, several other things that are included in the preparation of prostate surgery are:

• The doctor will ask the patient about medications that are being consumed, especially blood thinning drugs and pain relievers, such as aspirin and ibuprofen. If you are taking one of the two types of medicine, the doctor will ask the patient to stop it before undergoing prostate surgery.
• Patients will be given laxatives to clean the digestive tract, and will be asked to fast a few hours before undergoing surgery.
• Patients who have allergies to certain drugs, must tell the doctor.
• Patients are asked to leave jewelry, dentures, contact lenses, and glasses at home before undergoing surgical procedures.
• Patients should be accompanied by a family before and after undergoing surgery, including for pick-up purposes. Generally, patients can go home a few hours after surgery and do not need hospitalization.

Procedure for Prostate Operation

Prostate surgery is usually done in a state of unconscious patients due to general anesthesia (general anesthesia). In some cases, the patient is only given half-body anesthesia so that he remains conscious during the operation, but does not feel anything. The patient will also have a urine catheter to drain urine from the bladder without going through the urethra, during surgery.

Patients undergoing open prostatectomy will begin by making skin slices, either on the front of the prostate (retropubic) or on the back of the prostate (perineal). Skin slices on open retropubic prostatectomy are made from below the navel to approach the pubic bone. Whereas skin slices on perineal open prostatectomy are made near the anus to reach the area near the scrotum. After the skin slices are opened, the urologist will remove the patient's prostate gland. If needed, along with the surrounding tissue, such as lymph nodes. After removal of the prostate gland is complete, the skin slices are closed again using sutures.

Laparoscopic prostatectomy is performed using slices the size of the keyhole, but there are more than one. Skin slices in laparoscopic prostatectomy are made in the abdominal area to insert a special surgical instrument (laparoscope) to the part near the prostate with the help of a camera at the end of the laparoscope. When the laparoscope reaches the prostate gland, the doctor then cuts and removes the prostate gland using the laparoscope. In hospitals that have applied more sophisticated technology, laparoscopic prostatectomy can be assisted by robotic technology to facilitate removal of the prostate gland.

To reduce blockages in the urinary tract, especially for patients who have an enlarged prostate (BPH), can undergo prostate surgery without going through an incision in the abdominal wall, but through the urinary and urinary tract. The operations include:

• Prostate surgery with this procedure aims to cut the prostate gland that has enlarged using a laser. The laser device in the form of a long hose will be inserted through the urinary hole to reach the prostate gland. When it reaches the area of ​​the prostate gland, the laser is then activated to cut the prostate gland. The cut prostate tissue will be removed through urine.
• TURP. Transurethral Resection of The Prostate (TURP) is performed using special sterile threads.
• TUIP. TUIP or Transurethral Incision of The Prostate is done by using a special surgical instrument that cuts the prostate gland into several parts of the urinary tract narrowing location.

Patients undergoing prostate surgery with an incision in the skin, will be sewn back to cover the incision. The suture area is then covered with a sterile bandage to avoid infection, and the catheter will remain attached to drain urine during recovery.

After prostate surgery

After undergoing prostate surgery, patients can feel the following:

• Pain in the area of ​​the former surgical suture.
• The appearance of blood in the urine.
• Difficulty holding urine when urinating.
• Pain when urinating.

Patients who have undergone prostate surgery will be given painkillers. The first painkillers will be given in the form of intravenous fluids, and will be replaced with drinking drugs in the following days. The patient will still be fitted with a catheter to help urinate for several days, at least 5-10 days after surgery. The doctor will advise the patient to take a mild walk to help with postoperative recovery. If it feels good enough, the patient will be allowed to go home. If not, the patient will undergo treatment for several days in the hospital.

Keep in mind that patients must be picked up from the hospital by family members after completing surgery. During the recovery period, the patient will be asked not to do heavy physical activity, and to increase his physical activity gradually. The doctor will also schedule a re-control during the recovery period and will tell the patient when to resume normal intensual activity.

Read more: Beware of Dangers of Calcium Deficiency in Children.

Risk of prostate surgery

Apart from various prostate surgery techniques performed, the risks that can occur in patients include:

• Allergic reactions to drugs.
• Surgical wound infection.
• Blood clots.
• Bleeding.
• Organ damage near the prostate gland.
• Urinary tract infection.
• Urinary incontinence.
• Do not reach orgasm during intercourse.
• Urethral stricture.
• Impotence.
• The formation of cysts in lymph nodes near the prostate gland.

Patients undergoing prostate gland surgery often cannot experience erections for several weeks after surgery. In some cases, prolonged impotence can be caused by nerve damage that regulates erection.