Here are 4 eye damage caused by Diabetes Mellitus

Roseous.com - Here are 4 eye damage caused by Diabetes Mellitus.

Do not neglect, diabetes mellitus can cause various damage to eye. Anything? Find out more here.

Many people assume that diabetes mellitus is just a matter of higher blood sugar levels. Did you know that the assumption is very far from the actual situation?

In fact, diabetes mellitus not only causes high blood sugar levels, but also a variety of dangerous complications. One of the most common complications of this disease is permanent eye damage.

Here are some eye damage that can occur due to diabetes mellitus:

1. Diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is the most common eye disorder in people with diabetes mellitus. It is estimated that 1 in 10 diabetics experience this incurable condition.

In diabetic retinopathy, the part of the eye that functions to pass light to the nerve cells (retina) has an abnormality, that is, the appearance of bleeding spots. This happens because the blood vessels of these organs thinner and fragile. As a result of these events, the ability of the eye to see will decrease slowly.

If it has entered the advanced stage, new blood vessels in the retina will be formed. This further prevents the retina from catching the light to pass on to the nerves in the brain. As a result, the ability of the eye to see will decrease.

2. Macular edema

The macula is the most sensitive retinal center to capture light. Macular edema is a complication of diabetic retinopathy. This condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid around the macula. They will worsen the vision of those who experience them.

Diabetic macular edema can usually be treated with photocoagulation or by injecting the drug into the eye. The commonly used drug is anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor).

3. Cataracts

Cataracts are eye abnormalities characterized by lenses change from clear to cloudy and cloudy. This condition causes the light received by the eye can not be passed from the lens to the retina. As a result, the vision becomes blurred or cloudy.

Diabetics are more prone to cataracts. This happens because the high blood sugar condition causes the lens to absorb more sugar. Lenses rich in sugar tend to be more convex and have more enzyme and protein reactions. The buildup of sorbitol and protein enzymes in the lens causes turbidity.

When cataracts have occurred, surgery is required by an ophthalmologist. One way that can be done is to suck a cloudy lens and replace it with a plastic lens or acrylic (phacoemulsifikasi).

4. Glaucoma

Glaucoma is an eye disorder that occurs due to increased pressure in the eyeball (intraocular pressure). When the increase in pressure occurs suddenly, what happens is a symptom of red eyes, sudden blurred vision, headache, and vomiting.

But if the increase in pressure occurs slowly (chronic glaucoma), the symptoms that arise are blurred vision slowly and the field of vision is limited. In this condition the patient becomes lost sight of the right and left side.

Facts mention, diabetics are more susceptible to glaucoma than others in general. The occurrence of glaucoma in diabetics associated with retinopathy. The presence of retinopathy causes disrupted blood flow, resulting in a blockage of fluid flow in the eye (aqueus humor). The blockage will continue to grow and accumulate, so glaucoma can not be avoided anymore.

Glaucoma in diabetics can be resolved by the administration of eye drops class beta blockers, analog prostaglandins, and diuretics. But if not resolved, sometimes surgery is also needed. Handling of glaucoma should be done quickly. Because if too late, will cause permanent eye nerve damage.

Prevent eye damage due to diabetes

The good news, the four eye disorders caused by diabetes as above can be prevented. The main prevention is to control blood sugar levels in the body.

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Maintain a fasting blood sugar level below 130 mg / dL, blood sugar under 180 mg / dL, and HbA1C levels below 7%. In addition to these three things, do also eye health screening by visiting the ophthalmologist every once a year. Thus, the risk of eye disorders caused by diabetes mellitus can be minimized.

Diabetes mellitus can indeed cause various complications, one of which is permanent eye damage. But this can be prevented by doing some tips that have been submitted above. Greetings healthy!